2011-ci ild\u0259n b\u0259ri Suriya, davaml\u0131 qanl\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259 v\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcharib\u0259, yaln\u0131z Suriya xalq\u0131n\u0131n taleyini deyil, h\u0259m\u00e7inin regional v\u0259 qlobal g\u00fcc m\u00fcbariz\u0259l\u0259rini d\u0259 t\u0259sir alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. B\u0259\u015f\u0259r \u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259tinin sona \u00e7atmas\u0131ndan sonra n\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 f\u0259rqli ehtimallar m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriya xalq\u0131 uzun ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 iqtisadi s\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131lar v\u0259 sosial b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u018fs\u0259d rejimi, ail\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259ri v\u0259 yax\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunan biznes imperiyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil etdiyi bir iqtisadiyyat yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t, bir \u00e7ox insan\u0131n h\u0259yat \u015f\u0259raitini a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 korrupsiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 d\u0259rin naraz\u0131l\u0131q yarand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u0259\u015f\u0259r \u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldiyi 2000-ci ild\u0259n sonra, siyasi azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, m\u00fcxalif\u0259tin t\u0259qibi v\u0259 s\u00f6z azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bo\u011fulmas\u0131 Suriyada d\u0259rin siyasi v\u0259 sosial q\u0131r\u0131lmalara s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdu. Bu, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259rin naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na v\u0259 siyasi islahat t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n etirazlara s\u0259b\u0259b oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2011-ci ild\u0259 ba\u015flayan \u018fr\u0259b Bahar\u0131, bir \u00e7ox \u0259r\u0259b \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 siyasi islahat v\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklik t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r, Suriya xalq\u0131 aras\u0131nda da h\u0259y\u0259can yaratd\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif etiraz h\u0259r\u0259katlar\u0131na ilham verdi. \u018fs\u0259d rejimi, bu etirazlar\u0131 q\u0259ddar \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u0259zdi, bu da m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259ni daha da alovland\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriya, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif etnik v\u0259 dini qruplar\u0131n qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00f6lk\u0259dir. \u018fs\u0259d rejimi, \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n \u015fi\u0259 m\u0259zh\u0259bind\u0259n olan \u018flavil\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olsa da, d\u00f6vl\u0259tin dig\u0259r hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 s\u00fcnni m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00fcrdl\u0259r kimi \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 f\u0259rqli qruplar da m\u00f6vcuddur. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t, m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259 \u0259snas\u0131nda m\u0259zh\u0259b v\u0259 etnik g\u0259rginlikl\u0259ri daha da art\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriyada m\u00fcharib\u0259, yaln\u0131z daxili bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 olmam\u0131\u015f, beyn\u0259lxalq g\u00fccl\u0259rin m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si il\u0259 daha da m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdir. Rusiya v\u0259 \u0130ran \u018fs\u0259d rejimin\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k verirken, AB\u015e, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r regional g\u00fccl\u0259r m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u00fcxalif qruplara d\u0259st\u0259k olmu\u015fdur. Bu xarici m\u00fcdaxil\u0259l\u0259r, m\u00fcharib\u0259nin qlobal bir m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018fs\u0259din devrilm\u0259si, Suriyada yaln\u0131z hakimiyy\u0259tin d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 geni\u015f sosial v\u0259 siyasi d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin ba\u015f verm\u0259si dem\u0259kdir. Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r h\u0259m daxili, h\u0259m d\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 yol a\u00e7a bil\u0259r.B\u0259\u015f\u0259r \u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra Suriyadak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rin gedi\u015fat\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ssenari \u00fczr\u0259 inki\u015faf x\u0259tti ke\u00e7\u0259 bil\u0259r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Suriya’n\u0131n B\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 B\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259si<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259n getm\u0259si v\u0259 yeni bir siyasi nizam\u0131n yaranmamas\u0131 hal\u0131nda, Suriyada d\u00f6vl\u0259tin birliyi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki m\u00fcxalif qruplar, etnik v\u0259 dini azl\u0131qlar \u00f6z m\u00fcst\u0259qil h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259rini qurma\u011fa c\u0259hd ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu, \u00f6lk\u0259nin de-fakto olaraq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, k\u00fcrdl\u0259r \u00f6z b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 idar\u0259etm\u0259 qurma\u011f\u0131 h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259yir v\u0259 bu, regiondak\u0131 dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 \u2013 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 \u2013 g\u0259rginliyi art\u0131rar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. \u0130slam\u00e7\u0131 Qruplar\u0131n G\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259si<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259tinin sona \u00e7atmas\u0131 il\u0259, m\u00fcxalif\u0259tin aras\u0131nda daha radikal islam\u00e7\u0131 qruplar\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259si ehtimal\u0131 artar. Bel\u0259 qruplar, Suriyan\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k siyasi d\u00fcz\u0259nini \u00f6z maraqlar\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259hd ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. Bu da, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Q\u0259rb v\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 yarada bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Beyn\u0259lxalq T\u0259sirl\u0259rin Artmas\u0131 v\u0259 S\u00fclh Prosesi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018fs\u0259din getm\u0259si, beyn\u0259lxalq g\u00fccl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni bir s\u00fclh prosesinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 ola bil\u0259r. \u018fg\u0259r m\u00fcxalif\u0259t v\u0259 \u018fs\u0259din d\u0259st\u0259k\u00e7il\u0259ri aras\u0131nda kompromisl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n bir h\u0259ll tap\u0131la bil\u0259rs\u0259, Suriyada siyasi sabitlik b\u0259rpa oluna bil\u0259r. Lakin bu, geni\u015f v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tin bir diplomatik proses t\u0259l\u0259b edir v\u0259 bir \u00e7ox maraql\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Humanitar B\u00f6hran v\u0259 Qa\u00e7q\u0131n Problemi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259tinin sona \u00e7atmas\u0131, Suriyada m\u00f6vcud olan geni\u015f humanitar b\u00f6hran\u0131n daha da d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. M\u00fcharib\u0259 art\u0131q milyonlarla insan\u0131n evl\u0259rini t\u0259rk etm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olub. D\u00f6vl\u0259tin z\u0259ifliyi, qa\u00e7q\u0131n v\u0259 daxili k\u00f6\u00e7k\u00fcnl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259hdidl\u0259r yarada bil\u0259r. Bu, regional v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq miqyasda humanitar yard\u0131mlara v\u0259 siyasi g\u0259rginlikl\u0259r\u0259 yol a\u00e7a bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Suriyada ba\u015f ver\u0259n m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259, yaln\u0131z \u00f6lk\u0259nin daxili m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq g\u00fccl\u0259rin m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si il\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015f\u0259n bir d\u00f6vr\u0259 \u00e7evrilib. B\u0259\u015f\u0259r \u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259tinin sona \u00e7atmas\u0131, \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni imkanlar v\u0259 riskl\u0259r yarada bil\u0259r. H\u0259r hans\u0131 bir h\u0259llin tap\u0131lmas\u0131, Suriyan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif qruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda etimad\u0131n b\u0259rpa olunmas\u0131na, regional g\u00fccl\u0259r aras\u0131nda siyasi balans\u0131n qurulmas\u0131na v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq d\u0259st\u0259yin g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259sin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Lakin, Suriyan\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259 daxilind\u0259ki v\u0259 xaricd\u0259ki g\u00fcc m\u00fcbariz\u0259l\u0259rinin nec\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olaraq daha da m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00fc\u0259llif: Yusif H\u00fcseynli \u0130sa o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 2011-ci ild\u0259n b\u0259ri Suriya, davaml\u0131 qanl\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259 v\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcharib\u0259, yaln\u0131z Suriya xalq\u0131n\u0131n taleyini deyil, h\u0259m\u00e7inin regional v\u0259 qlobal g\u00fcc m\u00fcbariz\u0259l\u0259rini d\u0259 t\u0259sir alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. B\u0259\u015f\u0259r \u018fs\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259tinin sona \u00e7atmas\u0131ndan sonra n\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 f\u0259rqli ehtimallar m\u00f6vcuddur. Suriya xalq\u0131 uzun ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 iqtisadi s\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131lar v\u0259 sosial b\u0259rab\u0259rsizlikl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u018fs\u0259d…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem"],"yoast_head":"\n